Which instrument is widely used for surveying? It can be informal, in which case it can be considered as a user manual from a developer point of view, or formal, in which case it has a definite meaning defined in mathematical or programmatic terms. 3. Where a difference exists in how to interpret the Technical Requirements, performance standards and guidance, this would generally be resolved by further consultation, failing which, NHBC will exercise its right to decide in accordance with the NHBC … When the "Execute p1" button is clicked the javascript function p1 is executed. Ahmad Amirul. [1] A specification is often a type of technical standard. JKR Standard Specification. Become VIP Member, Do you need to remove the ads? In software development, a functional specification (also, functional spec or specs or functional specifications document (FSD)) is the set of documentation that describes the behavior of a computer program or larger software system. How to Design Continuous Beam and One-way Slab using ACI Approximate Analysis Method? UK project specification types fall into two main categories prescriptive and performance. The divisions are subdivided into sections, each one addressing a specific material type (concrete) or a work product (steel door) of the construction work. "Specifications for the Chemical And Process Industries", 1996, ASQ Quality Press, This page was last edited on 2 March 2021, at 13:23. Displaying ./code/automate_online-materials/dictionary.txt Table below shows units of measurement of various items of civil engineering works based on IS 1200. 307 Pages. Applications may avoid such errors by preserving input code points, and only normalizing them to the application's preferred normal form for internal use. CS151 - Introduction to Computer Science Spring 2020 . What are the purposes for building dams in semi-arid regions? Lean concrete in roof terracing (thickness specified), 7. What is piping technology for termite treatment in building? Data systems that can process, store and transfer information about food and food products need formal specifications for the representations of data about food and food products in order to operate effectively and efficiently. Methods of Measurements and Units of Civil Construction Works, Units of Measurement and Payments for Civil Works, Tunnel Form Construction Technique and Process for Structures. 5. Specifications in the UK are part of the contract documents that accompany and govern the construction of a building. Pyzdek, T, "Quality Engineering Handbook", 2003. The nature and standard of questions in the General Studies papers (Paper II to Paper V) will be such that a well-educated person will be able to answer them without any specialized study. Many public agencies, such as the Naval Facilities Command (NAVFAC) state that the specifications overrule the drawings. Prescriptive specifications define the requirements using generic or proprietary descriptions of what is required, whereas performance specifications focus on the outcomes rather than the characteristics of the components. Person, office, or agency responsible for enforcement of the specification. 30 Full PDFs related to this paper. It is often used to guide fabrication/production. Material requirements: physical, mechanical, electrical, chemical, etc. A data sheet describes the technical characteristics of an item or product, often published by a manufacturer to help people choose or use the products. The National Building Specification is owned by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) through their commercial group RIBA Enterprises (RIBAe). Standard Name. A specification is often a type of technical standard.. A program specification is the definition of what a computer program is expected to do. Please enter your email address. Measurement shall be made for finished item of work and description of each item shall include materials, transport, labour, fabrication tools and plant and all types of overheads for finished the work in required shape, size and specification. A short summary of this paper. A specification often refers to a set of documented requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service. It describes what the system should do, not (necessarily) how the system should do it. Lost your password? Standard Specification For Road Works STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS. The bill of quantities shall fully describe the materials, proportions, workmanships and accurately represent the work to be executed. [22][23], The converse of explicit statement of specifications is a process for dealing with observations that are out-of-specification. Cubic contents shall be worked out to the nearest 0.01 cum. A short summary of this paper. Login to The Constructor to ask questions, answer people’s questions, write articles & connect with other people. At the present time, much of the information and regulations concerning food and food products remain in a form which makes it difficult to apply automated information processing, storage and transmission methods and techniques. Brick Masonry Definition Brick masonry is a highly durable form of construction. [1] It is a common early part of engineering design and product development processes in many fields. However some of the general rules are listed below: 1. The HBRC has published more than 15 books which cover building activities like earthworks, plastering, etc. The MasterFormat and section format[16] system can be successfully applied to residential, commercial, civil, and industrial construction. [30][31] Very often, this kind of specifications is complemented by a designated template. The principle of units of measurements normally consists the following: a) Single units work like doors, windows, trusses etc., are expressed in numbers. Specifications in Egypt form part of contract documents. Select a country…Åland IslandsAfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAndorraAngolaAnguillaAntarcticaAntigua and BarbudaArgentinaArmeniaArubaAustraliaAustriaAzerbaijanBahamasBahrainBangladeshBarbadosBelarusBelauBelgiumBelizeBeninBermudaBhutanBoliviaBonaire, Saint Eustatius and SabaBosnia and HerzegovinaBotswanaBouvet IslandBrazilBritish Indian Ocean TerritoryBritish Virgin IslandsBruneiBulgariaBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCanadaCape VerdeCayman IslandsCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaChristmas IslandCocos (Keeling) IslandsColombiaComorosCongo (Brazzaville)Congo (Kinshasa)Cook IslandsCosta RicaCroatiaCubaCuraÇaoCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkDjiboutiDominicaDominican RepublicEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEquatorial GuineaEritreaEstoniaEthiopiaFalkland IslandsFaroe IslandsFijiFinlandFranceFrench GuianaFrench PolynesiaFrench Southern TerritoriesGabonGambiaGeorgiaGermanyGhanaGibraltarGreeceGreenlandGrenadaGuadeloupeGuatemalaGuernseyGuineaGuinea-BissauGuyanaHaitiHeard Island and McDonald IslandsHondurasHong KongHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIranIraqIsle of ManIsraelItalyIvory CoastJamaicaJapanJerseyJordanKazakhstanKenyaKiribatiKuwaitKyrgyzstanLaosLatviaLebanonLesothoLiberiaLibyaLiechtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgMacao S.A.R., ChinaMacedoniaMadagascarMalawiMalaysiaMaldivesMaliMaltaMarshall IslandsMartiniqueMauritaniaMauritiusMayotteMexicoMicronesiaMoldovaMonacoMongoliaMontenegroMontserratMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmarNamibiaNauruNepalNetherlandsNetherlands AntillesNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNicaraguaNigerNigeriaNiueNorfolk IslandNorth KoreaNorwayOmanPakistanPalestinian TerritoryPanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPitcairnPolandPortugalQatarRepublic of IrelandReunionRomaniaRussiaRwandaSão Tomé and PríncipeSaint BarthélemySaint HelenaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Martin (Dutch part)Saint Martin (French part)Saint Pierre and MiquelonSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesSan MarinoSaudi ArabiaSenegalSerbiaSeychellesSierra LeoneSingaporeSlovakiaSloveniaSolomon IslandsSomaliaSouth AfricaSouth Georgia/Sandwich IslandsSouth KoreaSouth SudanSpainSri LankaSudanSurinameSvalbard and Jan MayenSwazilandSwedenSwitzerlandSyriaTaiwanTajikistanTanzaniaThailandTimor-LesteTogoTokelauTongaTrinidad and TobagoTunisiaTurkeyTurkmenistanTurks and Caicos IslandsTuvaluUgandaUkraineUnited Arab EmiratesUnited Kingdom (UK)United States (US)UruguayUzbekistanVanuatuVaticanVenezuelaVietnamWallis and FutunaWestern SaharaWestern SamoaYemenZambiaZimbabwe, By registering, you agree to the Terms of Service and Privacy Policy .*. [citation needed]. For other uses, see, Construction specifications in North America, United States Food and Drug Administration, Manufacturing test requirement design specification, "Defense and Program-Unique Specifications Format and Content", International Organization for Standardization, "01.080.01: Graphical symbols in general", "ISO 832:1994 Information and documentation – Bibliographic description and references – Rules for the abbreviation of bibliographic terms", "ISO 12615:2004 Bibliographic references and source identifiers for terminology work", 52.236-21 Specifications and Drawings for Construction, "Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code", Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, "ISO 14134:2006 Optics and optical instruments – Specifications for astronomical telescopes", "ISO 15609:2004 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials -- Welding procedure specification", "ISO/DIS 11238 – Health Informatics – Identification of medicinal products – Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of regulated information on substances", "TDWG Standards Documentation Specification", International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, "ICH M2 EWG - Electronic Common Technical Document Specification", "Document Templates for Student Projects in Software Engineering", "Laser Safety Standard Operating Procedure", "Sample Standard Operating Procedure Requirements for BSL2 Containment", Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specification_(technical_standard)&oldid=1009823287, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, BS 7373-1:2001 Guide to the preparation of specifications, BS 7373-2:2001 Product specifications. Validation of suitability is necessary. Direct/Indirect Fixing It is possible to construct concrete swimming pools to a high degree of dimensional accuracy The methods and units of measurements for civil construction works are mainly categorised for their nature, shape and size and for making payments to the contractor. A specification may refer to a standard which is often referenced by a contract or procurement document, or an otherwise agreed upon set of requirements (though still often used in the singular). Doors and windows frames or chaukhats, rafters, beams, 2. This is a consensus document that is jointly sponsored by two professional organizations: Construction Specifications Canada and Construction Specifications Institute based in the United States and updated every two years. Web services specifications are often under the umbrella of a quality management system. They are prepared by construction professionals such as architects, architectural technologists, structural engineers, landscape architects and building services engineers. Linear measurement shall be measured to the nearest 0.01m. Country An "in-service" or "maintained as" specification, specifies the conditions of a system or object after years of operation, including the effects of wear and maintenance (configuration changes). We have 74907 resumes in our database Showing all resumes. Current existing pharmaceutical standards include: If any pharmaceutical product is not covered by the above standards, it can be evaluated by the additional source of Pharmacopoeia from other nations, from industrial specifications, or from a standardized formulary such as, A similar approach is adopted by the food manufacturing, of which Codex Alimentarius ranks the highest standards, followed by regional and national standards. Bending, binding of steel reinforcement, 3. [20][21], Specifications and other standards can be externally imposed as discussed above, but also internal manufacturing and quality specifications. Although specifications are usually issued by the architect's office, specification writing itself is undertaken by the architect and the various engineers or by specialist specification writers. B., "Juran's Quality Handbook", 1999. There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. Guide to identifying criteria for a product specification and to declaring product conformity, BS 7373-3:2005, Product specifications. An alternative approach is to use provably correct refinement steps to transform a specification into a design, and ultimately into an actual implementation, that is correct by construction. Standards are listed in alphabetical order. Civil and infrastructure work in the United States often includes a quantity breakdown of the work to be performed as well. If you know the name of the training standard for a course, you can select it from the drop-down menu below. Plastering – cement or lime mortar (thickness and proportion specified), 3. They often refer to particular documents, and/or particular information within them. In February 2015, ArCHspec went live, from ArCH (Architects Creating Homes), a nationwide American professional society of Architects whose purpose is to improve residential architecture. JKR Standard Specification. The Housing and Building National Research Center (HBRC) is responsible for developing construction specifications and codes. All works shall be measured subject to the following tolerances. [25] Recently, the ISO has made some progress in the area of food and drug standards and formal specifications for data about regulated substances through the publication of ISO 11238.[26]. in RCC and reinforced brick work, 2. The United States Food and Drug Administration has published a non-binding recommendation that addresses just this point.[24]. Interpretation. Godfrey, A. This paper. Download Full PDF Package. Specifications describe the quality and performance of building materials, using code citations and published standards, whereas the drawings or building information model (BIM) illustrates quantity and location of materials. Distempering (number of coats specified), 5. NBS master specifications provide content that is broad and comprehensive, and delivered using software functionality that enables specifiers to customize the content to suit the needs of the project and to keep up to date. All Rights Reserved. The following British standards apply to specifications: A design/product specification does not necessarily prove a product to be correct or useful in every context. Doors and window sills (CC or cement mortar plain). WORDS.TXT - Free ebook download as Text File (.txt), PDF File (.pdf) or read book online for free. In addition, specifications can be "closed" with a specific list of products, or "open" allowing for substitutions made by the Contractor. of and in " a to was is ) ( for as on by he with 's that at from his it an were are which this also be has or : had first one their its new after but who not they have – ; her she ' two been other when there all % during into school time may years more most only over city some world would where later up such used many can state … With in-depth features, Expatica brings the international … In many countries on the European continent, content that might be described as "specifications" in the United States are covered under the building code or municipal code. This function: Voluntary standards may become mandatory if adopted by a government or business contract. A specific material may be covered in several locations, depending on the work result: stainless steel (for example) can be covered as a sheet material used in flashing and sheet Metal in division 07; it can be part of a finished product, such as a handrail, covered in division 05; or it can be a component of building hardware, covered in division 08. These systems were created to standardize language across the United States and are usually subscription based. Specifications can be either "performance-based", whereby the specifier restricts the text to stating the performance that must be achieved by the completed work, "prescriptive" where the specifier states the specific criteria such as fabrication standards applicable to the item, or "proprietary", whereby the specifier indicates specific products, vendors and even contractors that are acceptable for each workscope. Podcast: Behavioral Attributes of an Effective Construction Manager, Chenani-Nashri Tunnel: India's Longest Bi-directional Road Tunnel. Sometimes a guide or a standard operating procedure is available to help write and format a good specification. Rivets, bolts and nuts, anchor bolts, lewis bolts, holding down bolts, 5. Specifications are an integral part of Building Information Modeling and cover the non-geometric requirements. A formal specification is a mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation. Download PDF. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. Painting, varnishing (number of coats specified), 1. Download Full PDF Package. c) Works consists areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions of specified thickness etc., and are expressed in square meters (m2) d) Works consists cubical contents which involve volume like earth work, cement concrete, Masonry etc are expressed in Cubic metres. Expatica is the international community’s online home away from home. 25mm cement concrete over 75mm lime concrete floor (including lean concrete), 3. have the responsibility to consider the choice of available specifications, specify the correct one, enforce compliance, and use the item correctly. [6][7][8] A specification might include: Specifications in North America form part of the contract documents that accompany and govern the construction of building and infrastructure projects. Most construction specifications are a combination of performance-based and proprietrary types, naming acceptable manufacturers and products while also specifying certain standards and design criteria that must be met. Areas shall be measured to the nearest 0.01 SQM. VIP members get additional benefits. and are exemplified by ISO 14134 and ISO 15609. Alternatively, you can type in the first few letters of the name in the text box at the top of the drop-down to auto-populate the filter. 6. What is the Minimum Curing Period for Concrete? Such matters are covered by statutory requirements. Given such a specification, it is possible to use formal verification techniques to demonstrate that a candidate system design is correct with respect to that specification. This method statement for in-situ concrete & general concrete work describes the process to be implemented during the entire activity for such as in-situ concrete, concrete foundations, slab on grade, blindings, columns, beams, retaining walls, slabs, raft concrete, precast concrete, self-consolidating concrete, … For example, Mac OS X has many components that prefer or require only decomposed characters (thus decomposed-only Unicode encoded with UTF-8 is also known as "UTF8-MAC"). Once registered, you will be able to create your profile, upload your CV, directly apply for interesting job offers and schedule online or face-to-face interviews with employers using our interview … In booking, the order shall be in sequence of length, breadth and height or thickness. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. ArCHspec was created specifically for use by Licensed Architects while designing SFR (Single Family Residential) architectural projects. Master specification systems are available from multiple vendors such as Arcom, Visispec, BSD, and Spectext. How can we use magnetic levitation method in civil engineering? For instance, when two applications share Unicode data, but use different normal forms or use them incorrectly, in an incompatible way or without sharing a minimum set of interoperability specification, errors and data loss can result. or specify the item (building codes, government, industry, etc.) manufactured and used to comply with a British Standard and relevant code of practice, or used in compliance with Technical Requirement R3. Sacrificial anodes should be installed where required by the water supplier. UNK the , . In one specific instance, the combination of OS X errors handling composed characters, and the samba file- and printer-sharing software (which replaces decomposed letters with composed ones when copying file names), has led to confusing and data-destroying interoperability problems.[27][28]. It is common for one organization to refer to (reference, call out, cite) the standards of another. Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask question. It is built by placing bricks in mortar in a systematic manner to construct solid mass that withstand exerted loads. This type of specification is a collaborative effort between a specwriter and a quantity surveyor. the , . Download PDF. Tenemos algunas fotos, ebavisen ikya asr llama a las acciones de las chicas por una cierta historia islámica, salimos de una categoría sin nombre, tenemos algunas fotos, eile ama ama a un joven chwanz en otze y rsch und jede eutschsex sin ornofilme auf de u around um die zugreifen kanst, las fotos de liaa agdy lmahdy han sido gitanas. b) Works consists linear measurements involve length like cornice, fencing, hand rail, bands of specified width etc., are expressed in running metres (RM), c) Works consists areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions of specified thickness etc., and are expressed in square meters (m2). READ PAPER. The original listing of specification divisions was based on the time sequence of construction, working from exterior to interior, and this logic is still somewhat followed as new materials and systems make their way into the construction process. A design or product specification describes the features of the solutions for the Requirement Specification, referring to either a designed solution or final produced solution. While there is a tendency to believe that "specifications overrule drawings" in the event of discrepancies between the text document and the drawings, the actual intent must be made explicit in the contract between the Owner and the Contractor. 1. Specification writing is often a distinct professional trade, with professional certifications such as "Certified Construction Specifier" (CCS) available through the Construction Specifications Institute and the Registered Specification Writer (RSW)[17] through Construction Specifications Canada. These should be fitted during manufacture in accordance with the relevant British Standard. JKR Standard Specification. Location (thickness specified), 1. Specifications are most important for external interfaces that must remain stable. Shorter form specifications documents suitable for residential use are also available through Arcom, and follow the 50 division format, which was adopted in both the United States and Canada starting in 2004. A requirement specification is a documented requirement, or set of documented requirements, to be satisfied by a given material, design, product, service, etc. Protection from the cold A must-read for English-speaking expatriates and internationals across Europe, Expatica provides a tailored local news service and essential information on living, working, and moving to your country of choice. 2. RCC and RB slab roof (excluding steel), 2. This training standard was previously held under the … Standards for specifications may be provided by government agencies, standards organizations (SAE, AWS, NIST, ASTM, ISO, CEN, DoD, etc. [29], These types of documents define how a specific document should be written, which may include, but is not limited to, the systems of a document naming, version, layout, referencing, structuring, appearance, language, copyright, hierarchy or format, etc. Steel reinforcement bars etc. The 16 division format is no longer considered standard, and is not supported by either CSI or CSC, or any of the subscription master specification services, data repositories, product lead systems, and the bulk of governmental agencies. Same type of work under different conditions and nature shall be measured separately under separate items. The standard AIA (American Institute of Architects) and EJCDC (Engineering Joint Contract Documents Committee) states that the drawings and specifications are complementary, together providing the information required for a complete facility. [32][33][34], "Specification" redirects here. Become VIP Member. The documentation typically describes various inputs that can be provided to the software system and how the system responds to those inputs. Which type of reinforcement are used in pre-stressing? This is based on the idea that words are easier for a jury (or mediator) to interpret than drawings in case of a dispute. The standard listing of construction specifications falls into 50 Divisions, or broad categories of work types and work results involved in construction. The questions will be such as to test a candidate‘s general awareness of a variety of subjects, which will have relevance … Guide to identifying criteria for specifying a service offering, Date of last effective revision and revision designation, Table of Contents (TOC), if the document is long. Provisions for rejection, reinspection, rehearing, corrective measures. Many architects, up to this point, did not provide specifications for residential designs, which is one of the reasons ArCHspec was created: to fill a void in the industry with more compact specifications for residential use. Example organization types include a corporation, a consortium (a small group of corporations), a trade association (an industry-wide group of corporations), a national government (including its military, regulatory agencies, and national laboratories and institutes), a professional association (society), a purpose-made standards organization such as ISO, or vendor-neutral developed generic requirements. Sign Up to The Constructor to ask questions, answer questions, write articles, and connect with other people. There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. (50 points)The textarea shown to the left is named ta in a form named f1.It contains the top 10,000 passwords in order of frequency of use -- each followed by a comma (except the last one). Ammar Zuhair Ismail. Tolerances The minimum tolerances allowed should be in accordance with British Standard BS5385 Part 4 and the various Codes of Practice, many of which are referenced in this paper. A functional specification is a kind of requirement specification, and may show functional block diagrams. Earthwork in filling in foundation trenches, 4. The word specification is broadly defined as "to state explicitly or in detail" or "to be specific". This has the advantage that incorrect candidate system designs can be revised before a major investment has been made in actually implementing the design. This approach is unusual in North America, where each bidder performs a quantity survey on the basis of both drawings and specifications. The thickness of materials should be suitable for the required level of performance: In many contexts, particularly software, specifications are needed to avoid errors due to lack of compatibility, for instance, in interoperability issues. The significance, scope or importance of the specification and its intended use. ), trade associations, corporations, and others. Specification writers frequently meet with manufacturers of building materials who seek to have their products specified on upcoming construction projects so that contractors can include their products in the estimates leading to their proposals. Cement concrete or RCC in chujja, sunshade, 5. Although many Architects find the rather voluminous commercial style of specifications too lengthy for most residential projects and therefore either produce more abbreviated specifications of their own or use ArCHspec (which was specifically created for residential projects).

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