The word rendered "fellow-laborer" συνεργω sunergō, does not determine what office he held, if he held any, or in what respects he was a fellow-laborer with Paul. Such will make conscience of their time and trusts, and manage all they can for the best. Unholy persons are unprofitable; they answer not the great end of their being. It is commonly, in the New Testament, applied to ministers of the gospel, though by no means exclusively, and in several instances it cannot be determined whether it denotes ministers of the gospel, or those who furthered the cause of religion, and cooperated with the apostle in some other way than preaching. Apostle would not have suited a private letter, and one in which Paul takes the ground of personal friendship and not of apostolic authority. And in both Paul appears as a prisoner (Phm 9; Col 4:18). And Timothy our brother - Timothy, it seems, had come to him agreeably to his request; Unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow-labourer - See Introduction, Section 1. Paul in his private prayers was particular in remembering his friends. The communion of saints does not destroy distinction of property. Yet all this doeth he, not with force, as if he had right thereto, but he stripped himself of his right, and thus enforceth Philemon to forego his right also. In both alike Archippus is addressed (Phm 2; Col 4:17). Alford quotes Luther's eloquent description, "This Epistle showeth a right, noble, lovely example of Christian love. Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy our brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellowlabourer,ὑπὲρ τοῦ τὴν χάριν ἑτοιμότερον λαβεῖνbecome aware of what had induced Philemon to do that which was asked of himἐν τοῖς δεσμοῖς τοῦ εὐαγγThe single epistle to Philemon very far surpasses all the wisdom of the world & 159. Philemon was Paul's son in the faith, yet he entreated him as a brother. This passage is an instance of that being imputed to one, which is contracted by another; and of one becoming answerable for another, by a voluntary engagement, that he might be freed from the punishment due to his crimes, according to the doctrine that Christ of his own will bore the punishment of our sins, that we might receive the reward of his righteousness. It means a co-worker, or helper, and doubtless here means that he was a helper or fellow-worker in the great cause to which Paul had devoted his life, but whether as a preacher, or deacon, or a private Christian, can not be ascertained. Little do men know for what purposes the Lord leaves some to change their situations, or engage in undertakings, perhaps from evil motives. The lectionary passage Philemon 1:1-21 that is assigned for this Sunday contains, except for concluding remarks, greetings, and benediction, the entire text of this writing. Both were carried by the same bearer, Onesimus (with whom, however, Tychicus is joined in the Epistle to the Colossians), Col 4:9. 2.A prisoner for Christ's sake. We must remember Christian friends much and often, as their cases may need, bearing them in our thoughts, and upon our hearts, before our God. It is manly and straightforward, without misrepresentation or suppression of facts; at the same time it is most captivatingly persuasive. 37. True penitents will be open in owning their faults, as doubtless Onesimus had been to Paul, upon his being awakened and brought to repentance; especially in cases of injury done to others. Paul ends by requesting Philemon to prepare him a lodging, as he trusted soon to be set free and visit Colosse. 1., p. 185, Edition Huetius], cites it as the letter of Paul to Philemon concerning Onesimus; Tertullian [Against Marcion, 5.21]: "The brevity of this Epistle is the sole cause of its escaping the falsifying hands of Marcion."

iv., p. 442], argues for it against those who objected to its canonicity on the ground of its subject being beneath an apostle to write about. No prospect of usefulness should lead any to neglect their obligations, or to fail in obedience to superiors.

Are not many taken away in their sins, while others become more hardened? Christianity does not do away our duties to others, but directs to the right doing of them. Christians should do what may give joy to the hearts of one another. Contrast the salutation to the Galatians.Lit., the brother. Different sentiments and ways in what is not essential, must not make difference of affection, as to the truth.

Onesimus was a poor slave, yet Paul besought for him as if seeking some great thing for himself.

Its brevity is the cause of its not being often quoted by the Fathers. This Epistle is addressed also to Apphia, supposed from its domestic subject to have been Philemon's wife, and Archippus (a minister of the Colossian Church, Col 4:17), for the same reason, supposed to be a near relative.Onesimus in the Apostolical Canons [73], is said to have been emancipated by his master. The example of Onesimus may encourage the vilest sinners to return to God, but it is shamefully prevented, if any are made bold thereby to persist in evil courses. Phm 1-25. In allusion to that name, which signifies profitable, the apostle allows that in time past he had been unprofitable to Philemon, but hastens to mention the change by which he had become profitable. 108. He does not call himself, as in other Epistles, "Paul an apostle," as he is writing familiarly, not authoritatively.our … fellow labourer—in building up the Church at Colosse, while we were at Ephesus.

Ignatius [Epistle to the Ephesians, 2; Epistle to the Magnesians, 12], seems to allude to Phm 20. Hence it follows, it was written at the same time and place as the Epistle to the Colossians (which was about the same time as the Epistle to the Ephesians), namely, at Rome, during Paul's first imprisonment, A.D. 61 or 62.Object.—Onesimus, of Colosse ("one of you," Col 4:9), slave of Philemon, had fled from his master to Rome, after having probably defrauded him (Phm 18).

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